Teachers are not the only ones who need substitutes sometimes! Many times you will find yourself stuck when you have a recipe that calls for an ingredient that you don't have or don't have enough of. Yes, you could run to the store to get it or you could just substitute the ingredient with something else or a combination of things. When you are starting out, like moving to your first apartment, it is hard to get all of the staple ingredients at once, so substitutions are great! Here are some of the basics needed to know:
Baking Chocolate
Chocolate, Baking, unsweetened, 1 ounce or square
= 3 Tablespoons unsweetened cocoa + 1 Tablespoon butter/margarine
= 3 Tablespoons carob powder + 2 Tablespoons water
Chocolate, Baking, unsweetened pre-melted, 1 ounce
= 3 Tablespoons unsweetened cocoa + 1 Tablespoon oil/melted shortening
Chocolate, Semi-sweet, 6 ounces chips, bits, or squares
= 9 Tablespoons cocoa + 7 Tablespoons sugar + 3 Tablespoons butter/margarine
Cilantro or Coriander Leaf or Chinese Parsley (all the same)
= parsley + lemon juice
= orange peel + a little sage
= lemon grass + a little mint
=parsley + a little mint
= Italian Parsley (for looks)
Cinnamon
= allspice (use less)
=cardamom
*You should always have cinnamon but you can use cinnamon for allspice or cardamom if needed
Eggs, Whole
= 2 Tbsp liquid + 2 Tbsp flour + 1/2 Tbsp shortening + 1/2 tsp baking powder
= 2 yolks + 1 Tbsp water
= 2 yolks (in custards, sauces, or similar mixtures)
=2 Tbsp oil + 1 Tbsp water
= 1 tsp cornstarch + 3 Tbsp more liquid in recipe
* If halving a recipe, do not try to halve an egg: use one whole egg. If short one more egg in recipe, substitute 1 tsp vinegar or 1 tsp baking powder
Flour, Self-rising, 1 cup
= 1 cup flour + 1/4 tsp baking powder
*Optional: add a pinch of salt
Garlic, 1 clove
= 1/2 tsp minced, dried garlic
= 1/4 tsp garlic powder
= 1/4 tsp garlic juice
= 1/2 garlic salt (and omit 1/2 tsp salt from recipe)
Buttermilk
=1 cup milk + 1 3/4 Tbsp cream of tartar (for 1 cup of buttermilk)
= sour cream
= plain, low-fat yogurt
Hope these substitutions with help!